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CWAP 802.11 Ctrl : PS-Poll
When a client station is set for Power Save mode, it will shut down some of the transceiver components for a period of time to conserve power. The STA indicates that it is using Power Save mode by...
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CWAP- MAC Header : Sequence Control
The Sequence Control field is 16 bits in length and consists of two subfields, the Sequence Number and the Fragment Number. The sequence Control field is not present in control frames (as no frame...
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CWAP- 802.11 Data: Frame Aggregation
With the ratification of 802.11n amendment, two types of frame aggregation were added to 802.11 1. Aggregate MAC Service Data Unit (A-MSDU) 2. Aggregate MAC Protocol Data Unit (A-MPDU) Frame...
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CWAP – 802.11 Protection Mechanism
Protection mechanisms cause a STA that is a potential interferer to defer any transmission for a known period of time. When these mechanisms are used, 1. non-ERP STAs do not interfere with frame...
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CWAP – 802.11 Fragmentation
Fragmentation The process of partitioning an MSDU or an MMPDU into smaller MAC level frames, MPDUs, is called fragmentation. The MAC may fragment and reassemble individually addressed MSDUs or MMPDUs....
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CWAP – Data Frame Address Fields
Below shows a frame format of a Data Frame. (source IEEE 802.11-2012 standard) The content of the address fields of data frames are dependent upon the values of the To DS and From DS fields in the...
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CWAP – Dynamic Rate Selection
Basic Rates & Supported Rates IEEE 802.11-2007 standard defines required rates as basic rates. For a client station to successfully associate with an AP, the station must be capable of...
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CWAP – HT Operations IE
Here are the information elements added in 802.11n (HT) In this post we will see the details of HT Operations information element. HT Operation Element is found in Beacon, Reassociation Response &...
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CWAP – Protocol Analysis
For wireless network analysis, promiscuous mode is no longer good enough. This mode would require the wireless card to be associated to an access point and would not capture all wireless frames in the...
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How to improve your productivity ?
Do you have a “developed mind” ? This will give an idea how you can decide it.How can you develop your own mind ? Simple answer is you have to study about “yourself” among the other studies you do....
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How to go there – PI 2.2
Cisco has released Prime Infrastructure 2.2 today, a version long awaited by many of us. ISE 1.3, IOS-XE3.7, AeroOS-8.0 is supported in this PI2.2 version. Here is the release notes of this version...
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Story of CWNE-153
After one month of wait, finally I got my CWNE result today & become CWNE#153. In this post I would like to summarize my CWNE journey as it may give some inspirations for future CWNEs. Even though...
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2014 in Review
The WordPress.com stats helper prepared a 2014 annual report for mrncciew blog. Here’s an excerpt: The Louvre Museum has 8.5 million visitors per year. This blog was viewed about 480,000 times in 2014....
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2015 Cisco Designated VIPs
Cisco has announced its 2015 Cisco Designated VIP class based on the contribution made by its members in CSC forum during 2104. I am glad that I have been selected as one (out of 3) of VIP based on the...
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Living in the Present Moment
In my previous post on “How to improve your productivity” it was mentioned living in the present moment is the way. But how do you do that ? I did not had an answer at the time of that writing. Now I...
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Time to plan your CCIEW in v3.0
After a long wait (I did this post in 2 years back), finally Cisco has refreshed CCIEW v2.0 to CCIEW v3.0. According to this announcement, 13 September 2015 is that last day to do written or lab exam...
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Are You Ready for AireOS 8.1 ?
Cisco has published initial release (8.1.102.0) of AireOS 8.1 code. In this post we will look at what it brings & points you need to consider before jump into this code. Here is the release notes...
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Looking Back – 3 Years of WiFi Blogging
Today is a special day for this blog, where stats count reached over 1 million. It took just little over 3 years to get there since it started in April 2012. In this post I look back and go through...
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Cisco CMX (10.2) – Part 1
Connected Mobile Experiences (CMX) is Cisco’s WiFi location analytic solution to provide a value-added and personalized user experience to WiFi users. If you are familiar with Cisco Mobility Service...
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CPI 3.0 – Disk Running Out of Space ?
Couple of months back I upgraded our prime infrastructure to 3.0 from 2.2. That time I chose to go with inline upgrade as it was supported. If you have worked with this product, many of us know “do a...
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